Backup Setup¶

Overview¶

For a server to be backed up to Megaphone Tech's standards, all of the following must be true:

• The backup must happen at least daily.
• The backup must be tested (and testable) to ensure its validity.
• The backup must be encrypted in transit and at rest. 
• If the backup resides on a server outside of our control, the data must be encrypted such that those controlling the server can not read the data.
• At least one copy of the backup must be in a separate geographical location from the original data.
• Databases must be backed up using a database dump tool and stored in a backed-up area of the filesystem.
• The backup should be monitored for both successes and failure.  Alerts should be generated for failed backups, and for backups that don't run.

To accomplish this, we use a modified copy of backupninja to manage the backups.  It reports into our centralized Icinga2 monitoring.
The preferred back-end for backups is borgbackup, which provides for validity testing and client-side encryption.

Currently, setup is manual and complicated.  When ansible is deployed, we can automate these steps.

Step-by-step guide¶

Note: This entire guide assumes you're running as root on all
servers during setup.

Icinga Server setup¶

• Get the API User password for the "backupninja" user from /etc/icinga2/conf.d/api-users.conf.  This is ICINGA2_API_PASSWORD, below.
• Edit the appropriate host conf file (in /etc/icinga2/conf.d/hosts to include the line:

has_backupninja: true

• Also note the exact name of the Host object on line 1 of the file.  This is ICINGA2_HOSTNAME below.
• Run service icinga2 checkconfig && service icinga2 reload for your change to take effect.

Monitored Server setup¶

• Install backupninja and borg.

#Ubuntu 16.04+
apt install backupninja borgbackup
#Debian Jessie
apt install backupninja
apt install -t jessie-backports borgbackup
#CentOS 7.3
#ensure epel repo is enabled
yum install backupninja borgbackup

• If you're using MySQL 5.7+, you can't export the information_schema table.  There's a proposed patch for backupninja to exclude it, which you should apply:

cd /usr/share/backupninja/
wget -O mysql.patch https://gist.githubusercontent.com/MegaphoneJon/94543829a2dfd6b3ed216b646afb0e8f/raw/abe58456b57eb123a1cf0023adb92ad2fa890cb1/backupninja%2520MySQL%25205.7%2520support
#Ignore "patch unexpectedly ends in middle of line" warning
patch -p0 < mysql.patch
rm mysql.patch mysql.orig

• Append this to the end of /usr/sbin/backupninja: https://gist.github.com/MegaphoneJon/322a4fea5707013433d9763972e4d414
• Set up a local borg repo.

# Generate a password locally with a password generator like pwgen.
borg init /opt/borg

• Set up a remote borg repo on rsync.net.

# Copy the root user's public key to rsync.net's authorized_keys
# If no key exists, create one with no passphrase
# Source: http://www.rsync.net/resources/howto/ssh_keys.html
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh 8139@usw-s008.rsync.net 'dd of=.ssh/authorized_keys oflag=append conv=notrunc'

# Generate a password locally with a password generator like pwgen.
# Replace "lava" with the name of the borg repo you'd like to create.
borg init 8139@usw-s008.rsync.net:lava --remote-path=/usr/local/bin/borg1/borg1

• Put a set of standard configuration files in /etc/backup.d.

cd /etc/backup.d
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MegaphoneJon/backupninja_configs/master/10-info.sys
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MegaphoneJon/backupninja_configs/master/30-databases.mysql
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MegaphoneJon/backupninja_configs/master/50-borg-local.sh
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MegaphoneJon/backupninja_configs/master/60-borg-remote.sh
chmod 600 *

• Edit the backupninja config(s) for borg to set the repository name and passphrase.
  • e.g. local repository is /opt/borg and remote repository is 8139@usw-s008.rsync.net:orange
• Add to /etc/backupninja.conf:

ICINGA2_API_USER=backupninja
ICINGA2_SERVER_ADDRESS=orange.megaphonetech.com
ICINGA2_API_PORT=5665
ICINGA2_API_PASSWORD=<see above>
ICINGA2_HOSTNAME=<see above>

Document¶

• Update the internal CRM server list to reflect the correct backup method.
• Record the borg passphrase(s) in the password manager.  This is very important; otherwise the backup is unrecoverable.