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Microsoft Azure - Setup¶

For the Client¶

Hi there! If I've directed you to this page, the part that concerns you are the first three sections only. It's a bit convoluted, so feel free to ask me if you run into trouble! -Jon

[NOTE: Most of Microsoft's pages break with an ad blocker enabled.]

Get a Sponsorship¶

• Go to the Nonprofit Microsoft Getting Started page. Fill out the paperwork to be approved as a 501c3. Approval can take 1 day or 3-4 weeks - I've seen both multiple times.
• Once approved, go to https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/nonprofits/azure to claim credits (or go directly to Claiming Your Credits.
• You'll know you're successful because you'll see a sponsorship listed on the Sponsorship Page.

Create a Subscription¶

• Check that you have credits in your sponsored account: https://www.microsoftazuresponsorships.com/Balance
• Visit the Azure Portal.
  
• Click the Subscriptions icon.
• Click the Add button.
• Add a subscription of type "Microsoft Azure Sponsorship" from the Azure portal. You will likely need to select Show other subscription types to see it.
  • Note: Even sponsored subscriptions require a credit card, make sure you have one available.

Grant access to other users¶

Microsoft is now enforcing two-factor authentication, so you need to create a separate user for me as your web vendor.
Source for instructions

• Open the new subscription by clicking on it from the Subscriptions page.
• Click Access Control (IAM) in the left navigation bar.
• Under Grant access to this resource, click Add role assignments.
• On the Role tab, click Owner and press Next.
• On the Members tab, set Assign Access to User, group, or service principal, and click Select Members.
• In the Search by name or email address box, put the email of the new user and press Select.
• Click Review and Assign, then click Review and Assign again. At this point, they'll receive an email to either log in with an existing Microsoft account or to create a new one.

On Renewals¶

You will need to renew every year. Instructions for this are incomplete - but you should look up your subscription ID in the Azure portal (will be a long string of numbers and letters), then go to https://www.microsoftazuresponsorships.com/Balance and assign your new credits to the existing subscription.

If you did not do this in time, you should be able to open a support ticket with Microsoft to request a refund.

Technical Configuration¶

To set up a free account, you must:

• Get a Sponsorship (see above)
• Create a Subscription linked to the Sponsorship (see above)
• (Strongly recommended) Grant access to the subscription to other users.
• Create a Resource Group linked to the Subscription
• Create a Virtual Machine (and associated resources) linked to the Resource Group

Create a resource group¶

• Select "Resource Group" from the main Azure portal.
  
• Select Create and give it a name.
• Your subscription should be pre-selected since you only have the one.
• Click Review and Create, then Create.

Create a virtual machine¶

• Click on your new resource group in the Azure Portal.
• Click Create.
• Click Create under Virtual MAchine.
• Search for the name of the image you want (e.g. Debian 11 "Bullseye).
  • If you picked an image that shows an hourly cost, it's probably the wrong one.
• See the screenshots below for configuration of the "Basics" and "Disk" tabs. The other tabs I keep with the defaults. My standard VPS type is now D2as_v5.
  • "D2" is general-purpose VM, we always select this. "a" is AMD-series, "d" is temp disk included (we don't need this), "s" supports premium SSD disks.
• I've attached a downloaded template for this VM, which as of now I haven't used yet, not sure how it works.

Post-provisioning configuration¶

Get serial console working¶

Serial console is necessary for single-user mode, and troubleshooting if SSH fails.

• Go to Boot Diagnostics in the VM's left nav.
• Click Settings at the top.
• Select Enable with custom storage account.
• Select Create New.
• Come up with a name. Any name.
• Save with your custom boot selected.

Now Serial Console will work.

Partition and format the attached disk¶

Your VM will have an "OS disk" of 30GB it ships with. Your attached disk is unformatted. Partition and format the new disk (via SSH):

• Use fdisk -l to determine the attached disk and change the first command below accordingly.

DISK=/dev/sdb
sudo parted --script -a optimal $DISK mklabel gpt -- mkpart primary ext4 '0%' '100%'
sudo mkfs -t ext4 ${DISK}1
# install lsof and rsync
apt install lsof rsync

Mount the attached disk¶

From within Serial Console:

DISK=/dev/sdb
# Go to single-user mode
init 1
# Ensure that no files are open in /var.
# This should come back empty. (Note that recently it hasn't been but seems to work anyway).
lsof | grep /var
# pkill anything that's running, e.g. `pkill hv_kvp_daemon`.  It's OK if `systemd-journal` has files open.

mount ${DISK}1 /mnt
rsync -va /var/* /mnt
mv /var /var.old
umount /mnt
mkdir /var
mount ${DISK}1 /var

# Get the UUID of the drive for fstab
```shell
# Look for the partition you just created
blkid

vi /etc/fstab

Add the following line to `/etc/fstab`, subbing in *your* UUID:

UUID=13523269-c397-46a4-93b5-cb9f108489da /var ext4 defaults 0 1

You can reboot now to see that everything looks good.  Note that due to a bug in `cloud-init`, there's a 2-minute delay on every reboot in Debian 11 (fixed in Debian 12, will presumably be backported at some point).

#### Modify Firewall Rules
* Click on your new virtual machine in the Azure portal.
* Click **Networking** in the side navigation.
* You should see your firewall settings.  They should look like the screenshot below, except they'll be missing the two items circled.
* Add the "allow_ping" and "Port_5665" rules to the *Inbound Port Rules* as shown in the screenshot.

![Firewall Rules](https://hq.megaphonetech.com/attachments/download/1772/Selection_999(012).png)

#### Add a swapfile
[Complete instructions are here](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4010058/how-to-add-a-swap-file-in-linux-azure-virtual-machines) but in short, add this to `/etc/waagent.conf` for an 8GB swapfile:

ResourceDisk.Format=y
ResourceDisk.EnableSwap=y
ResourceDisk.SwapSizeMB=8192

Then run `service walinuxagent restart`.

## Post-deployment management
### Adding a new disk
Add a disk by going to the virtual machine and clicking "Disk", not by "Add Resource".  Then used the `parted` and `mkfs` commands from above.  Don't forget to modify `/etc/fstab`!