Megaphone Commons

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# Debugging CiviCRM cheatsheet

### Command-line runs of PHPUnit:

From a buildkit civiroot, run a specific file's tests::

```shell

CIVICRM_UF=UnitTests phpunit5 tests/phpunit/CRM/Core/BAO/AddressTest.php

```

You can also limit to a single test by filtering on name:

```shell

CIVICRM_UF=UnitTests phpunit5 tests/phpunit/CRM/Core/BAO/AddressTest.php --filter testShared

```

### With XDebug

#### Web Browser

* Install the xdebug extension (e.g. `sudo apt install php8.1-xdebug`).

* Configure xdebug by copying the values below to `/etc/php/8.1/fpm/conf.d/xdebug.ini`:

```

xdebug.mode=debug,develop

xdebug.start_with_request=trigger

xdebug.client_host = "127.0.0.1"

xdebug.log=/var/log/xdebug.log

#xdebug.mode=profile

#xdebug.output_dir = "/home/jon/temp/xdebug"

```

* Install a plugin for your browser, like "XDebug Helper for Firefox".

 * In the plugin's configuration, set the IDE key to `VSCODE`.

* For buildkit sites, you'll need to cp the `xdebug.ini` into `apache2/fpm/conf.d` and `cli/fpm/conf.8`. Then restart apache and php

* If one does not already exist, create a launch.json file within the .vscode folder (make a new folder if it does not yet exist) at the root of your codebase. What goes into the launch.json file depends on whether you are debugging a a site created with the `civibuild` command or one that was not built with that command. Here are examples of a [civibuild launch.json](https://hq.megaphonetech.com/projects/commons/wiki/Launchjson_for_civibuild_sites) and a [non-civibuild launch.json](https://hq.megaphonetech.com/projects/commons/wiki/Launchjson_for_non-civibuild_sites). Note that the "max-depth" on the "Listen for XDebug" configuration can be changed to delve deeper into the values that are returned (i.e. a depth of 6 will return more levels of a nested array than a depth of 3).

To debug, you must turn on the debugger in VS Code, then enable debugging in the address bar for the requests in question.

#### Web Browser - remote debugging

To debug on a remote server, ensure you have local debugging working first.

#### Server-side setup

* `sudo apt install php{{php_version}}-xdebug` (I should add this to `group_vars/all.yml` so it's everywhere).

* Create a file `/etc/php/{{php_version}}/fpm/conf.d/xdebug.ini:

```

xdebug.mode=debug

xdebug.start_with_request=trigger

```

* Restart PHP.

#### Client side setup

##### First time ever remote debugging setup

* In your VS Code plugins screen, install the "Remote - SSH" plugin.

##### Always

* Using the new **Remote Explorer** sidebar icon in VS Code, select the server you'd like to connect to. Click the "Connect in current window" icon.

* If you've already debugged on this site before, you should be able to expand the server and see a workspace file (see screenshot below).  Click one of the connect icons.

* If you haven't debugged on this site before, follow *First Time* instructions below. Otherwise, debug as normal (make sure your Firefox "debug" icon is turned on).

##### First Time

* Click **Open Folder** and navigate to the site's gitroot (usually the same as webroot, but for D8+ it's the folder above `web` so you can also debug in `vendor`).

* Select **File menu » Save Workspace As** and store a workspace file in your home directory.

* In your VS Code plugins screen, you need to select `Install in SSH` for the `PHP Debug` and `PHP Intelephense` plugins. Make sure it's the "PHP Debug" by XDebug (should have 10M+ installs)

 * For Drupal sites, also **Install in SSH** the *Drupal Syntax Highlighting* extension or you can't debug .module files.

* Go to the VS Code "debug" sidebar.  Click **Add Configuration** and then select **workspace**, then **PHP**.

* (Optional) in the **Remote Explorer** sidebar, under the server you're connected to, right-click the entry that doesn't say "Workspace" in it and select **Remove from Recent List** to only keep workspace entries.

#### civicrm-buildkit (mod_php)

The instructions above assume php-fpm.  To also debug mod_php (e.g. civicrm-buildkit), do the following:

* Use the same configuration file as under "Web Browser", but at `/etc/php/7.4/apache2/conf.d/xdebug.ini`.

* Edit `/etc/php/7.4/apache2/conf.d/xdebug.ini` and change the client port from `9000` to `9001`.

#### Command Line (phpunit)

* You need to have XDebug otherwise configured for CLI.  Use the same configuration file as under "Web Browser", but at `/etc/php/7.4/cli/conf.d/xdebug.ini`.

 * Also change `xdebug.mode=debug,develop` to avoid some unnecessary warning noise.

* You need to start a debugging session in VS Code with "Listen for XDebug".

* Depending on your VS Code setup, you may need to listen on a different port (I can use the same port for FPM but not mod_php).

Once you've got all that:

```shell

env CIVICRM_UF=UnitTests XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE phpunit7 /home/jon/local/civicrm-buildkit/build/dmaster/web/sites/all/modules/civicrm/tests/phpunit/CRM/Core/BAO/ActionScheduleTest.php --filter testMembershipJoinDateMinutesUnit

```

#### phpunit for extensions:

For core extensions:

```shell

CIVICRM_UF=UnitTests phpunit8 --bootstrap ext/afform/mock/tests/phpunit/bootstrap.php ext/afform/mock/tests/phpunit/api/v4/AfformContactUsageTest.php 

```

For non-core extensions, from the extension's root folder. Note the use of `env XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE` for step debugging, and `--filter` to limit the tests run.

```

env XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE CIVICRM_UF=UnitTests phpunit8 --bootstrap tests/phpunit/bootstrap.php tests/phpunit/api/v3/Cdntaxreceipts/GenerateTest.php --filter testGenerate

# If everything is in a default state, it could also be as easy as:

phpunit9 --filter testContributionCreate

```

### Command-line runs of standalone scripts

```shell

env XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE php myscript.php

```

Also works for `cv`, probably `drush` and `wp` too:

```shell

env XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE cv api NotificationLog.retry system_log_id=147597 

```

### Debugging REST API calls in Ansible/curl

Add an additional POST argument `XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE`.  In curl, just add `-d 'XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE'` anywhere in your command.

For Ansible, this might look like:

```yaml

  - name: Shut up about Civi extensions (warnings only, 7 days)

    uri:

      url: "{{ primary_url }}/{{ endpoint }}"

      method: POST

      body:

        XDEBUG_SESSION: VSCODE

        entity: StatusPreference

        action: create

        json: "{{ {'name': 'checkExtensionsUpdates', 'ignore_severity': 3, 'hush_until': seven_days_hence } | to_json }}"

        api_key: "{{ crm_api_key }}"

        key: "{{ crm_site_key }}"

      body_format: form-urlencoded

      return_content: yes

```

### Debugging in PHP `file_get_contents()` (e.g. `check_civicrm.php`)

Add `XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE` as a `GET` argument, it works even on a `POST` request. Pairs well with a remote debugging session.

e.g.:

```php

$url = "$prot://$host_address/$path/System/check?XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE";

```

### Debugging JavaScript

While you can open up the Developer Tools on a browser  (by right clicking on the window and then clicking **Inspect**) and debug the code directly there, it might be preferable to set up a debugging environment within an IDE, i.e. Visual Studio Code.  To do so:

1. Open up your launch.json file (Need to set one up? There are [non-civibuild](https://hq.megaphonetech.com/projects/commons/wiki/Launchjson_for_non-civibuild_sites) and [Civibuild](https://hq.megaphonetech.com/projects/commons/wiki/Launchjson_for_civibuild_sites) options)

1. Within the  `”configurations:”` array, add a comma after the last curly brace and then paste in:

``` json

    {

      "type": "msedge",

      "request": "attach",

      "name": "Attach to browser",

      "port": 9222

    }

```

   * If you’d prefer to debug on chrome, use `”type”: “chrome”`

1. Within your terminal, run the following command:

```bash

/usr/bin/google-chrome --remote-debugging-port=9222 –user-data-dir=remote-debug-profile

```

  * `/usr/bin/google-chrome` is the path of the Google Chrome Binary on Linux. For other operating systems, check out this [comment](https://forum.katalon.com/t/unknown-error-cannot-find-chrome-binary/9008/5), but note that the exact name might be different (i.e. google-chrome1 vs google-chrome). You can always `cd`  through the path it recommends to find the exact match for either Chrome or MSEdge.

1. Within VS Code, go to the Run and Debug tab, and from the drop down menu at the top, select “Attach to browser” and start the debugger. 

   * Note that the command given in the previous step is configured to open up a new browser, but these arguments (and more) can be customized. See the [documentation](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/nodejs/browser-debugging#_launch-configuration-attributes)

1. The new browser window (or tab, depending on your settings) is now configured to be the debuggee-yes, that’s the technical term- so you can set breakpoints and debug within VS Code!

### Running Drupal 9+ tests

The [Mink setup](https://docs.civicrm.org/dev/en/latest/testing/mink/) instructions worked quite well.

I then also ran:

```

composer require drupal/webform

composer require drupal/webform_civicrm

composer require drupal/token

composer require semperit/minkcivicrmhelpers

```

Looking at CiviCARROT logs on the Webform-CiviCRM Github was helpful to figure those out.

For permissions reasons, you have to run as the www-data user (this is set up with `mod_php`, not `php-fpm`):

```shell

zabuntu: ~/local/wfc-testing/web/core » sudo -u www-data ../../vendor/bin/phpunit -c $HOME/local/wfc-testing/phpunit.xml ../modules/contrib/webform_civicrm/tests/src/FunctionalJavascript/ContributionPayLaterTest.php --filter testSubmitContribution

# with debugging:

sudo -u www-data env XDEBUG_SESSION=VSCODE ../../vendor/bin/phpunit -v -c $HOME/local/wfc-testing/phpunit.xml ../modules/contrib/webform_civicrm/tests/src/FunctionalJavascript/EventTest.php --filter testParticipantCount

```

#### Troubleshooting

* If you get `RuntimeException: The provided database connection in SIMPLETEST_DB contains CiviCRM tables, use a different database.` then drop and recreate the test database.  You can check it for sure in `<projectroot>/web/core/phpunit.xml.dist` but it should be `wfc-testing`.

* Is `chromedriver` a current version, and did you start it? `chromedriver --port=4444` (in whatever directory you downloaded `chromedriver`.)

* `phpunit -v` will tell you why a test is "risky".  Buuuuut it's probably because `chromedriver` isn't running.

### Finding an entry point to debug 

If a better one can't be found in an error log/message, use these steps to start debugging:

1. ssh into the server

1. change to root user

1. `cd /var/log/apache2`

1. `nano other_vhosts_access.log`

1. search for your IP address ( you can type "What's my IP address?" into Google if you don't know it)

1. find the relevant line(s) with your IP address and grab the civicrm path from the url

1. open up mysql (`cv sql`) and run `select * from civicrm_menu where path = '[civicrm path]';`

1. look at the access arguments, but we care most about the `page_callback` column which lists the civicrm class that is loaded at that path

1. open up that class in the codebase and use the buildForm hook as the entry point for debugging